BM-21 Grad
122 mm multiple rocket launcher
The classic Soviet rocket launcher (1963): 40 tubes of 122 mm on a Ural truck, firing a full salvo in 20 seconds. Used in nearly every conflict since the 1960s and copied in dozens of countries; the WEG notes proliferation to Hezbollah. Modern versions (Tornado-G) add satellite navigation and automated fire control.
Learn more in the AirDefense Academy →Dimensionsfor imagery analysis
- Vehicle
- Ural-375D / Ural-4320 6x6
- L × W × H
- 7.35 × 2.4 × 3.09 m
- Weight
- 13.7 t (combat)
- Dimension source
- Wikipedia; US Army TRADOC Worldwide Equipment Guide (ODIN)
General
- Role
- Area fire on troops and positions
- Manufacturer
- Splav (Tula)
- In service
- 1963
- Variants
- BM-21-1 (Ural-4320), 9A51 Prima (50 tubes), 9K51M Tornado-G, Grad-M (naval)
- Crew
- 3–5
Weapon
- Tubes
- 40 × 122 mm
- Range
- ≈ 1.6–21 km (standard) to 40+ km (newer rockets)
- Salvo / reload
- 20 s / ≈ 7 min
- Emplacement
- 2 min; displacement 3 min
Threat
- Significance
- For aircrew mainly a target, and a hazard to low flyers near firing positions (ballistic trajectories)
- Threat level
- Medium — in use everywhere
News archive 8
Analysed reports from the RU Mil Tracker about this system, newest first. Archive since 2026-07-17.
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«Зверху ми бачили верхівку айсберга» — на Куп’янському напрямку одним дроном знищили склад ракет (ArmyInform: '"From above we saw the tip of the iceberg": in the Kupiansk direction, one drone destroys a rocket depot')
The duty officer of the 'Legion' unmanned systems battalion of Ukraine's 33rd Separate Mechanised Brigade, call sign 'Veresen', told Army TV that his unit used FPV drones to strike a Russian 9P132 Grad-P ('Partizan') light rocket launcher and a rocket store next to it in the Kupiansk direction. According to ArmyInform, the launcher was found and designated…
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Ukraine says Operation Vivaldi's final phase retook Kolodiazi north of Lyman, with drones hitting 200+ Russian vehicles, and that Russia has dropped its plan to outflank Donetsk Oblast via Barvinkove
Ukrainian infantry encircled and retook the village of Kolodiazi, north of Lyman in Donetsk Oblast, without street fighting during the fourth and final phase of Operation Vivaldi, the counteroffensive of Ukraine's 3rd Army Corps in northern Donetsk Oblast, Euromaidan Press reports citing Suspilne. According to 'Krash', chief of staff of the Fatum unmanned s…
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«Тренога против «Града»: зачем российской пехоте «карманная артиллерия»» (Topwar: Tripod versus Grad: why Russian infantry needs 'pocket artillery')
Topwar (Voennoe Obozrenie) author Kirill Ryabov describes the Kozerog ('Capricorn'), a light launcher for standard 122 mm Grad rockets made by the Yekaterinburg company BRT, whose founders reportedly have combat experience. The first version was developed in 2023 and went into serial production shortly afterwards. The base model is a single tube on a tripod…
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Taliban Mounts BM-27 Uragan MLRS on BMP-2D Chassis, Did russia Help With This Upgrade? (Defense Express)
Defense Express (author: Ivan Kyrichevskyi, a serviceman of the 413th SBS "Raid" regiment and Defense Express expert) reports that the Taliban released video of military drills showing a BM-27 Uragan 220 mm multiple rocket launcher mounted on a BMP-2D tracked chassis. The article notes that the Taliban earlier showed BM-21 Grad systems placed on abandoned A…
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ZALA «Ланцет»: точно в цель! Сентябрь 2026
A post by manufacturer ZALA, reposted by the milblogger channel Dva Mayora, sums up September 2026 for the Lancet reconnaissance-strike complex (RUK) in the 'special military operation' zone. According to the post, Lancet crews concentrated on vehicles on Ukrainian logistics routes: pickups, armoured vehicles, special-purpose vehicles and supply trucks, whi…
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Ukraine unveils home-built 'Koral' air-defense missile with claimed anti-ballistic role at MSPO 2026
At Poland's MSPO 2026 defense exhibition in Kielce (8–11 September 2026), Ukraine publicly displayed its domestically developed "Koral" (also spelled "Coral"; Ukrainian Корал) surface-to-air missile for the first time, alongside a launcher concept. State defense conglomerate Ukroboronprom released an image showing a missile launching from a self-propelled l…
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Russian Grad MLRS Pulled Back from Front Line Amid Ukrainian Drone Threat
Ukrainian drone pressure is pushing Russian forces to reposition heavy artillery, including BM-21 Grad multiple rocket launchers, much further behind the front line. According to Hektor, chief sergeant of the interceptor UAV battery of Ukraine's 115th Brigade, in his sector Russian self-propelled artillery is now typically positioned 25-30 kilometers behind…
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Ukraine Destroys Msta-B, Giatsint-B and BM-21 Grad Systems, FPV Drone Cache Near Dobropillia
According to Defense Express (22 July 2026), Ukraine's Phoenix border guard unit reportedly destroyed a cluster of Russian artillery and rocket systems on the Dobropillia axis in Donetsk Oblast: a 2A65 Msta-B 152mm self-propelled howitzer, a 2A36 Giatsint-B 152mm towed field gun, and a BM-21 Grad multiple rocket launcher — the latter reportedly engaged whil…